难道骑马的感觉只属于精英?(二)

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What's Feeling By Jeremy Michaels

在骑乘课上,我们经常会听到教练询问诸如“你感觉到了吗?”或“那个转换感觉像什么”之类的问题,也会听到教练告诉学员“这种练习有助于提升你的马感”。那么,“感觉”到底是什么呢?

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杰瑞米麦克尔斯(Jeremy Michaels)

Jeremy长期担任英国马会BHS训练和马术学科总监以及教育总监一职,现任英国马会BHS考试总考官和西英格兰大学哈特伯瑞学院马术学科讲师 。

自2002年起,Jeremy协助中国马术协会及天星调良国际马术俱乐部完成俱乐部星级认证及教练员资格认证,并协助天星调良国际马术俱乐部完成了国际马术培训及考试中心认证、国际马术骑乘中心和马主马房管理中心的认证。

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除了日常训练以外,我也会通过观察在马房休息或者在放牧场独处和群居的马匹,并与它们互动来培养感觉。它们的每一个动作,如转弯、躺下、站起来、打滚,都让我感触良多。为什么有时马匹会焦虑不安,而有时却完全相反,显得安逸自在?一匹放松、安静的马看上去是怎样的?如何知道马匹下一秒将要疾驰或尥蹶子?如果你想成为一个好骑手或好教练,那么你必须知道这些。

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打圈课上,教练可以帮助你提升马感。你需要做的仅是坐在马背上,用心去感受。你也可以试着闭上眼睛,去感觉马匹的三种运动步法,这对于提高你的马感有很大的帮助。

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教练刚刚调教过后的马匹会有所改善,这时你需要立刻上马,因为你不仅容易感受到教练所带来的变化,也更有可能理解教练是如何做到让马变得不同的。也许马匹的改善和你在这个过程中培养的感觉不会持续很长时间,但是至少你会知道下一步该向怎样的目标努力,同时你还可以在课后同教练深入探讨。

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教练不仅可以纠正你的动作,更能在必要时给你及时的帮助。我时常会站在马匹的同一侧,通过控制缰绳让马匹变得柔软,变得“圆”,骑手这时可以自己去感觉教练所带来的不同之处。即便这种变化不能维持很长时间,但是骑手至少知道他们究竟需要朝着怎样的方向努力。

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想要让马匹授衔,骑手就需要了解这匹马对缰绳的“反应度”。受衔并不是生硬地拉扯缰绳从而让马低头,虽然这看似有效果。但一旦放松缰绳,它的头便又抬起来了。另一个捷径,则是佩戴更容易让马匹低头的副缰,可如若使用不当,一旦副缰被撤掉,马头又会回到“高昂”的状态。

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想要让马匹授衔,你就需要找到腿部和缰绳辅助的平衡点。过多的腿部辅助(让马向前)和过少的缰绳控制会导致马匹重心前倾,用前肢工作,并且靠在衔铁上或是躲避衔铁,甚至忽略骑手,失去控制等问题。而如果骑手不能够让马匹有足够的动力向前,同时又使用过多的缰绳,那么马匹将不愿向前。这两种情况都会导致马匹拒绝受衔,骑手也无法真正的感觉到马匹的柔软性以及与马匹的联系。

骑术学习中有几门技术是不能在短时间内获得的,感觉就是其中之一。因为找不到感觉而产生挫败感、生气、悲伤、变得没有耐心等等都是毫无意义的,这些负面情绪只会耽误你找到感觉。给自己一点时间,慢慢去感受你的马匹,这就是最具有建设性和效果的方式。不断地观察、学习、提问、阅读相关书籍并增加骑乘时间,渐渐地,你就会有感觉了。

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What's Feeling?(2)

My feel for horses also came from observing and interacting with horses—in the stable and in the paddock,as individuals and in groups.You can learn so much from watching how horses move,behave, turn,lie down,get up,roll and so on. Why does a horse become agitated one day but not the next? What does a relaxed,calm horse look like?How can you tell if the horse you are riding is about to gallop off and buck? You need to know this if you want to be a good rider and/or coach.

Being lunged by your coach can really help your feel as a rider. Just sitting on the horse, feeling the movement while your coach does the work of motivating the horse is excellent for feel.Riding on the lunge with your eyes closed helps your feel too.Trying to feel the sequence of footfall in all three gaits develops feel and awareness.

Riding your horse immediately after your coach has schooled him and has improved his way of going can help you to feel how he should be working.You may not be able to maintain it for long but at least you will have felt what you are aiming for—especially if your coach talks you through what is needed.

Having your coach walk(sometimes run!) beside you while you are riding can give you mental and physical support.I like to take a gentle hold of the reins to see what the rider is actually feeling as helping to ask the horse to work in a softer,rounder outline by gently moving the bit. The rider can then begin to feel what they are working towards even though they can not yet maintain it for long.

One of the keys to asking the horse to accept the contact, is physically experiencing how much (or how little) one must ask from the horse to achieve submission and acceptance of the contact.It is not a case of pulling and fiddling on the bit to get him to‘drop his head’! The ‘quick fix’ is to fit a pair of draw reins and ‘pull’ his head down; this will have the effect of making him lower his head but as soon as the reins are removed, he will raise it again.

The balance between the leg aids and the rein aids is critical.If the rider uses too much leg (power and forward-thinking) and insufficient restraining aid (posture and rein-aids) the horse will run on, lean on the bit/work above the bit,work on the forehand,ignore the rider, be out of control, etc. If the rider uses insufficient forward-driving aids and too much hand, the horse will think backwards, lean on the bit,lack energy,work on the forehand, etc.The result is that the horse will not accept the bit and give the rider a soft, submissive contact. The only feel the rider will achieve is either a hard, strong one or one that is too light where the horse ‘drops’ the contact. Either way, the horse will be working incorrectly.

Feel is one of those aspects of riding that can not be rushed. There is no point in becoming frustrated, angry, sad and impatient—these emotions will destroy any chance of finding feel. Giving yourself time is the most constructive and effective way of developing feel for your horse. Watch, learn, ask questions, read, ride as much as you can and over time, your feel will come.


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来源:天星调良马术



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